
A ring of dark matter has been found around a cluster of galaxies, as seen through the Hubble space telescope.
New light on dark galaxies. More on the still mysterious dark matter in the universe.
The history of astronomy must go back even further in time. Early humans in South-East Asia, of at least two different species, succeeded in travelling across open sea to islands in what is now Indonesia, and further to Australia. As much as a million years ago. Even in an ice-age, open seas wide enough to form a barrier to plants and animals divided islands like Flores from its neighbours, and the Australian continent from South-East Asia. These early voyagers would have had the technology to make sea-worthy boats - or they would have been eaten by sharks or crocodiles and never made it. And they must have had some way of finding their route since voyages were made and new settlements have been found since then. I hope very soon to go down to southern parts to find out more and fill in this earliest part of the history of astronomy and navigation.

The clock is being renovated again, and hopefully more will be discovered about its manufacture and the clock tower. Meanwhile you can read the full history up to now, the author of the official guides to the astronomical clock at Hampton Court Palace, this book contains the full information on the history of this famous clock much of which was not published in the official guide books. Including all those involved in the design, construction and maintenance, and the discovery of the hidden Tudor loo.
More information:
Henry Fitzroy was to die suddenly in mysterious circumstances, soon after Anne Boleyn's execution and just as an act was going through Parliament to enable the King to nominate him as the heir to the throne.
More information:
Tudor Bastard: Henry VIII's son, Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Richmond and Somerset, and his mother Elizabeth Blount.
ISBN: 978-1-871443-30-1
By Heather Hobden.

ISBN 978-1-871443-25-7
First published in 1988, and considerably expanded and updated since then to meet demand - with details of Harrison's scientific work, his home and work in Barrow-on-Humber, and the longitude problem. Based on orginal research and material by Mervyn Hobden, with Heather Hobden, their work has been much used as reference by writers, film and tv producers and others. The only book with details of Harrison's life and pioneering scientific work, in Barrow-on-Humber. With orginal research of Harrison's scientific work by Mervyn Hobden.
Further information. The tea-towel has sold out but Harrison CD-roms can be compiled for specialist use. Additional unpublished information is also shown in talks. Additional information from:
The turbulent history of this ancient and forgotten land, its great mineral wealth and rich cultural heritage. One of the oldest and the longest inhabited countries in the world, and possibly the source of modern civilization. To be published as a book. Meanwhile you can read the associated webpages with constantly updated information, additions and links. Helpful feedback is welcome.

Ulughbek and his Observatory in Samarkand. ISBN: 978-1-871443-18-9
by Heather Hobden.
Ulughbek was assassinated by religious extremists who razed his observatory to the ground. But his work on astronomy survived. As Ulughbek said in words that incensed the religious fanatics:"Religion disperses like a fog, kingdoms perish, but the works of scholars remain for an eternity."
The booklet was originally published as an article in Astronomy Now, August 1988. A short article for space.com edited by Gian Trotter for the American market, was published 17th October 2001, and was much quoted and referenced.
by Heather Hobden | ![]() |
Copyright Heather Hobden and the Cosmic Elk